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The IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development

Mompreneurship in India: A Perspective on Motherhood Penalty

Article Details

Pub. Date	: June, 2023
Product Name	: The IUP Journal of Entrepreneurship Development
Product Type	: Article
Product Code	: IJED030623
Author Name	: Ujjal Bhuyan and Banjit Deka
Availability	: YES
Subject/Domain	: Management Journals
Download Format	: PDF Format
No. of Pages	: 13

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Abstract

Economic prosperity of a nation is greatly influenced by the growth in its entrepreneurial domain. Industrial advancements and economic progression are propelled by entrepreneurs who play a significant role in a society's vigor and success. However, the concept of entrepreneurship has never been in the domain of gender-neutrality. Historical narrative of entrepreneurial activities and the resultant organizational structure have been uniquely patriarchal. These disparities in role expectations from men and women have their roots in gender stereotypes. Gender stereotyping basically refers to the socially accepted or believed tenets of male and female. This gender role spillover has negative influence on women's participation in the workforce. According to GEM report 2021-22, a significant entrepreneurial intention gap among males and females has not been witnessed at a global scale; however, in terms of Total Early-stage Entrepreneurial Activity (TEA), only two out of the five initial stage entrepreneurs were found to be women. The present study aims to shed light on the present status of mompreneurs and the challenges faced by them in India.

Introduction

The influx of new, innovative ideas has a pivotal role to play in boosting economic growth of any nation (Cook et al., 2022). The same has been proposed by the Endogenous Growth Theory (1980s), which states that it is internal factors such as investment in innovation, human capital, etc. that contribute to economic progression and not factors that arise from external sources to an economy (Romer, 1994). However, the concept of entrepreneurship is male dominated and historical narrative of entrepreneurial activities have always been patriarchal. "Entrepreneurship has been a 'man's domain'" (Bird and Brush, 2002, p. 41). They are often regarded as the 'Captain of the Industry', i.e., as captains they are well-equipped in